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MicroRNAs in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma: New opportunities and challenges
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Abstract:
MicroRNAs plays critical roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes. It has attracted worldwide attention and rapid progress has been achieved in the past two decades. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC, is particularly prevalent in China. Recently, as the possible roles for microRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC is being gradually uncovered, significant advances have been made in microRNA-based diagnosis and therapy of HCC. Owing to the rapid progress of new techniques such as massive parallel signature sequencing, miRNomes of human normal liver and HCC have been revealed, then deepened our understanding of the important microRNAs in HCC development. The enriched microRNAs in the liver are reported to be deregulated during HCC development, and these microRNAs are suggested to bear considerable therapeutic potential in HCC gene therapy. Moreover, serum microRNAs in HCC patients are also determined to be biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and individual therapy. This review paper aims to summarize the recent literature on the regulation of microRNAs expression in HCC, downstream targets of microRNAs in HCC development, and outlook the potential of serum microRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic makers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (No. 2012CB518900), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31170826, No. 31370864）, the National Natural Science Foundation for Outstanding Youth (No. 81422037), and the Chenguang Project of Shanghai (No.12CG39)
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