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Archive > Volume 32 Issue 6 > 2025,32(6):620-627. DOI:10.3872/j.issn.1007-385X.2025.06.008 Prev Next
Clinical Research
Expression of indoleamin 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 in different types of breast cancer and its relationship with patient prognosis and immune cell infiltration
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Abstract:
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in different types of breast cancer tissues and its relationship with patient prognosis and immune cell infiltration. Methods: RNA sequencing data of breast cancer and corresponding clinical information from the TCGA database were collected. The differential expression of IDO1 mRNA in various breast cancer tissues (different subtypes, stages, menopause statuses, and age groups) and adjacent normal tissues were analyzed. Breast cancer patients with significant differences in IDO1 mRNA expression were divided into high and low expression groups, and their disease-specific survival (DSS) was compared between the two groups. The relationship between IDO1 mRNA expression and immune cell infiltration in cancer tissues with significant DSS differences was analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect IDO1 protein expression in ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-positive, and stage Ⅱ breast cancer tissues, to verify the data from the database. Results: IDO1 mRNA was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues but varied across different breast cancer types. IDO1 mRNA was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues of patients with ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-positive, HER2-negative subtypes, stage Ⅱ, T2 stage, N0 stage, M0 stage, premenopausal, postmenopausal, and age ≤ 60 years (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, or P < 0.001). In the ER negative, PR-negative, HER2-positive, and stage Ⅱ subgroups, breast cancer tissues patients with high IDO1 mRNA expression had significantly higher DSS than those with low expression (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-positive, and stage Ⅱ breast cancer tissues, IDO1 mRNA expression was associated with immune cell infiltration, including activated dendritic cells (aDCs), Th1 cells, T cells, CD56dim NK cells, CTLs, and Treg cells (all P < 0.001). IDO1 protein was highly expressed in ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-positive, and stage Ⅱ breast cancer tissues (all P < 0.001), consistent with the data from the database. Conclusion: IDO1 expression varies across different types of breast cancer tissues. The expression of IDO1 is associated with the prognosis and immune cell infiltration in ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-positive, and at stage Ⅱ breast cancer patients.
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