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Comparison of the clinical efficacy and safety of DC-CIK loaded with different antigens in the treatment of malignant melanoma
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Abstract:
[Abstract] Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of DC-CIK loaded with different antigens in the treatment of malignant melanoma (MM). Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 42 melanoma patients admitted to the Qinhuai Medical Area of Eastern Theater General Hospital between October 2012 and December 2024. DCs and CIKs were induced and cultured in vitro in the laboratory. Patients were divided into a polypeptide group and a cell group based on their HLA-A2 expression. The polypeptide group was loaded with a mixed peptide cocktail, and the cell group was loaded with lysate from the tumor cell A375. After maturation, DC and CIK were reinfused into the patients. The objective clinical response and survival period of the two groups of patients were compared. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets of the two groups of patients were detected before and after treatment, and adverse reactions after reinfusion were observed. Results: Among the 42 patients, 0 achieved CR; 0 achieved PR; 31 had SD, and 11 had PD. Specifically, in the peptide group, 18 had SD and 6 had PD; in the cell group, 13 had SD and 5 had PD. The disease control rate (DCR) was 75% in the polypeptide group and 72.2% in the cell group. Among the 42 patients, 12 died (4 in the cell group, 8 in the polypeptide group). The 1-year OS rate was 76.6% in the polypeptide group vs 66.7% in the cell group; the 2-year survival rate was 43.8% vs 66.7%; the 3-year survival rate was 43.8% .33.3%. The 3-year OS rate of the polypeptide group was slightly higher than that of the cell group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.445). Lymphocyte subsets of the two groups of MM patients before and after treatment showed no significant difference（P > 0.05）. No severe adverse reactions occurred in either group. Conclusion: Both tumor cell-loaded DC-CIK therapy and mixed polypeptide-loaded DC-CIK therapy are safe for MM patients and can provide clinical benefits. However, there are no significant differences in short-term efficacy, long-term survival, or immune responses between the two methods.
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