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Oral microbiota and colorectal cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies
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Abstract:
[Abstract] Colorectal cancer (CRC), a malignant tumor, is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that CRC occurrence and development are closely associated not only with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, but also with oral microbiota. Specific oral microbes can translocate via the oral-gut axis to colonize the intestinal tract and distant tumor sites. Through mechanisms such as adhesion and colonization, activation of oncogenic signaling pathways, enhancement of tumor cell migration and invasion, and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment, these microbes promote tumor progression and may influence responses to anticancer therapies. These findings highlight the potential of targeting oral microbiota in CRC clinical management. This review systematically summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which oral microbiota contributes to CRC pathogenesis, with a particular focus on microbial intervention strategies that target the oral-gut axis. This review also discusses current research limitations and future directions, aiming to provide a reference for both basic research and clinical translation in this field.
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